文章目录abstractastral系列产品python插件功能配置和异常排查pylancetyabstractvscode中python基础插件和增强插件:Python - Visual Studio Marketplace支持 Python 语言并提供 IntelliSense (Pylance)、调试 (Python Debugger)、代码检查、格式化、重构、单元测试等扩展访问点。本插件是许多其他python插件的基础(依赖项)Pylance - Visual Studio MarketplaceVS Code 中高性能、功能丰富的 Python 语言服务器;安装时可能不依赖于上述的基础python插件,可以独立安装;ty - Visual Studio Marketplace除了pylance,较新的ty是一个用 Rust 编写的、速度极快的 Python 类型检查器和语言服务器。其他Python 扩展提供可插拔的访问点用于扩展各种功能领域从而进一步提升您的 Python 开发体验。这些扩展都是可选的具体取决于您的项目配置和偏好。下面这些插件依赖于python基础插件:Python formatters Python 格式化程序Python linters Python 代码检查器社区提供的ruff方案兼顾python程序的格式化和代码检查,且性能好,是一个不错的选择;Ruff - Visual Studio Marketplace此插件需要ruff程序提供支持.(powered byastral)astral系列产品Astral致力于为 Python 生态系统构建高性能开发者工具。Astral Docs最著名的作品包括 Python 包管理器 uv以及代码检查和格式化工具 Ruff。Ruffpython插件功能配置和异常排查不恰当的项目目录(工作区)配置会导致python插件提供的部分甚至主要功能失效;除了系统级和用户级配置,在vscode在工作区(项目根目录)中针对python的配置.vscode/settings.json文件中通常有3个配置项:pylance这些配置项在vscode的设置中都可以找到(python插件pylance插件){python.languageServer:Default,python.analysis.diagnosticsSource:Pylance,python.analysis.languageServerMode:default}其中最为重要的是python language server;如果语言服务器运行异常,那么许多基础功能,例如符号分析和跳转都无法工作;可以通过vscode的OUTPUT选项卡中的python相关的下拉选项中查看插件的日志输出;Output: Focus on Output View日志输出示例:2026-04-23 11:50:39.231 [info] Client: Pylance client (2026.2.1) started with python extension (2026.4.0) 2026-04-23 11:50:39.957 [info] (6952): Server root directory: file:///c%3A/Users/Administrator/.vscode/extensions/ms-python.vscode-pylance-2026.2.1/dist 2026-04-23 11:50:40.047 [info] (6952): Pylance language server 2026.2.1 (pyright version 1.1.408, commit 138238b4) starting 2026-04-23 11:50:40.055 [info] (6952): Starting service instance woo_df for workspace c:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\woo_df 2026-04-23 11:50:40.937 [info] (6952): Loading background bundle file:///c%3A/Users/Administrator/.vscode/extensions/ms-python.vscode-pylance-2026.2.1/dist/copilot-background.bundle.js into file:///c%3A/Users/Administrator/Desktop/woo_df... 2026-04-23 11:50:41.023 [info] (6952): Starting Mcp server id:52946 ... 2026-04-23 11:50:41.048 [info] (6952): FG(woo_df): Loading configuration file at c:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\woo_df\pyrightconfig.json 2026-04-23 11:50:41.049 [error] (6952): FG(woo_df): Config file c:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\woo_df\pyrightconfig.json could not be parsed. Verify that format is correct. 2026-04-23 11:50:41.061 [info] (6952): FG(woo_df): Setting environmentName for service woo_df: 3.12.12 (base conda) 2026-04-23 11:50:41.061 [info] (6952): FG(woo_df): Setting pythonPath for service woo_df: C:\scoop\apps\miniforge\25.11.0-1\python.exe 2026-04-23 11:50:41.062 [info] (6952): FG(woo_df): No include entries specified; assuming c:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\woo_df 2026-04-23 11:50:41.062 [info] (6952): FG(woo_df): Auto-excluding **/node_modules 2026-04-23 11:50:41.063 [info] (6952): FG(woo_df): Auto-excluding **/__pycache__ 2026-04-23 11:50:41.063 [info] (6952): FG(woo_df): Auto-excluding **/.* 2026-04-23 11:50:41.125 [info] (6952): FG(woo_df): Assuming Python version 3.12.12.final.0 2026-04-23 11:50:41.248 [info] (6952): [Editable Installs] Starting dynamic pth file resolution for Python: C:\scoop\apps\miniforge\25.11.0-1\python.exe 2026-04-23 11:50:41.257 [info] (6952): [Editable Installs] No sandbox available for Python C:\scoop\apps\miniforge\25.11.0-1\python.exe. Dynamic pth file resolution requires Python 3.13 or later. 2026-04-23 11:50:41.338 [info] (6952): FG(woo_df): Found 74 source files 2026-04-23 11:50:41.353 [info] (6952): Settings have not changed. Skipping update. 2026-04-23 11:50:41.696 [info] (6952): PQ(woo_df): Priority queue background worker(2) root directory: file:///c%3A/Users/Administrator/.vscode/extensions/ms-python.vscode-pylance-2026.2.1/dist 2026-04-23 11:50:41.696 [info] (6952): PQ(woo_df): Priority queue background worker(2) started 2026-04-23 11:50:41.833 [info] (6952): FG(woo_df): IDX(woo_df): Indexer background runner(3) root directory: file:///c%3A/Users/Administrator/.vscode/extensions/ms-python.vscode-pylance-2026.2.1/dist (index) 2026-04-23 11:50:41.834 [info] (6952): FG(woo_df): IDX(woo_df): Indexing(3) started 2026-04-23 11:50:43.271 [info] (6952): FG(woo_df): IDX(woo_df): scanned(3) 635 files over 1 exec env 2026-04-23 11:50:43.607 [info] (6952): FG(woo_df): IDX(woo_df): indexed(3) 635 files over 1 exec env 2026-04-23 11:50:43.710 [info] (6952): FG(woo_df): IDX(woo_df): Indexing finished(3).语言服务器插件会跳过一些通常不适合检索的目录,例如node_modules,__pycache__以及.开头的(通常被视为隐藏文件)下面是一些语言服务器插件输出的日志示例ty高性能的python语言服务器插件如果使用这个方案代替pylance,它是自动配置的,如果行为不符合预期,可以尝试在vscode设置中进一步配置;启动日志示例2026-04-23 17:05:19.384 [info] Name: ty 2026-04-23 17:05:19.384 [info] Module: ty 2026-04-23 17:05:19.384 [info] Python extension loading 2026-04-23 17:05:19.384 [info] Waiting for interpreter from python extension. 2026-04-23 17:05:22.216 [info] Python extension loaded 2026-04-23 17:05:22.268 [info] Using interpreter: c:\scoop\apps\miniforge\25.11.0-1\python.exe 2026-04-23 17:05:22.316 [info] Initialization options: {} 2026-04-23 17:05:22.379 [info] Using the ty binary: c:\scoop\apps\miniforge\25.11.0-1\Scripts\ty.exe 2026-04-23 17:05:22.382 [info] Found executable at c:\scoop\apps\miniforge\25.11.0-1\Scripts\ty.exe 2026-04-23 17:05:22.382 [info] Server run command: c:\scoop\apps\miniforge\25.11.0-1\Scripts\ty.exe server 2026-04-23 17:05:22.383 [info] Server: Start requested. 2026-04-23 17:05:22.407 [info] ty server version: 0.0.32 (4d1e1fc57 2026-04-20)2026-04-23 16:59:06.723737600 INFO Version: 0.0.32 (4d1e1fc57 2026-04-20) 2026-04-23 16:59:06.764138700 INFO Defaulting to python-platform win32 2026-04-23 16:59:06.765158200 INFO Python version: Python 3.12, platform: win32 2026-04-23 16:59:13.035895900 INFO Indexed 100 file(s) in 0.016s 2026-04-23 16:59:15.425918000 INFO Checking file c:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\woo_df\woosqlitedb.py took more than 100ms (457.1503ms)